Thomas Hardy Essay Summary Example For Students

Thomas Hardy Essay Summary (Lines 21-22). By turning her head the spouse exhibits a craving to evade the issue, of maybe a surmising from Hardy she sees the point at a slant, best case scenario. Despite the fact that the spouse endeavors to deny her inconvenience with the issue through legitimizations and protective acting, the husband regardless, keeps on squeezing the theme. At the point when the spouse inquires as to whether the birthplace of the crate stunned (Line 31) her, the wife answers Dont, dear, loathe my astuteness, negligible inadvertent things of that sort have no impact on my imaginings. (Line 32-36). We will compose a custom exposition on Thomas Hardy Summary explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now The language utilized by Hardy is solid, the spouse doesnt express think little of or affront with respect to her knowledge, she utilizes scorn. In Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary detest is characterized as to view as insignificant, useless, or offensive. This word appears to be colossally solid for the discussion occurring, the forcefulness of the word considers her craving to avoid the issue. Tough attracts his message to a nearby the last refrain Yet still her lips were limp and wan, her face despite everything held aside, as though she had known John, however known about what he had kicked the bucket. (Lines 37-40) Primarily, Hardy has indicated that the wifes imaginings have in fact been influenced, as she currently appears to have some information on the perished alongside a knowledge with respect to what he had passed on, every which must be provided through her creative mind. The wifes face keeps on being held suspiciously, yet her look has been influenced; her lips currently limp, and wan I. e. ; pale, dreadful. In depicting a lady that has squeezed hard to stay away from the issue of death as death-like, Hardy is telling the peruser that notwithstanding any desires to evade passing, demise contacts every one of us in any case. The association among life and demise can't be denied, nor stayed away from. They are characteristically included, leaving one sole alternative; which is the acknowledgment of our relentless destiny. Henceforth the point of convergence of Hardys The Workbox is without a doubt the association among life and passing. The creator shows the tricky idea of the limits of our lives, just as the unexpectedness in which these limits interlace. The creator shows the incongruity, and inescapable aura of life and passing. Demonstrating this network through the imagery of the lumber, the workbox that was built up as speaking to life, and final resting place unmistakably speaking to death, Hardy has drawn a brief critique of the human condition, in the entirety of its multifaceted nature.

Discuss the controversies that have occurred around the issue of race Essay

Examine the contentions that have happened around the issue of race and knowledge - Essay Example As indicated by researchers, the connection between the two develops race and knowledge can't be characterized precisely (Sternberg, 2005). Therapists and sociologists have thought of various perspectives on what the develops infer. In their endeavor to relate them, specialists have just offered approach to progressively conflicting thoughts. It is a typical conviction that degree of insight changes from race to race. This conviction has fuelled discussion over the issue of racial separation based on IQ or IQ. Nisbett (2005) states that there is a distinction of knowledge level among the Blacks and the Whites. He further cases that the Whites have scored over the Blacks in knowledge testing by one deviation point. Be that as it may, Nisbett’s point is countered by the view that knowledge testing strategies shift contingent upon the socio-social setting of the individual (Sternberg, 2005). There have been a great deal of discussions and conversations over the examination of knowledge and its hereditary bearing. In spite of the fact that it is a theoretical idea yet can be estimated by methods for various procedures that continue advancing. Specialists are of the conclusion that as insight is multi-dimensional in nature and theoretically change from society to society it calls for various reasonable strategies for es timating it (Neisser et al, 1996). Recently there happens to be a difference over the realness and legitimacy of IQ test designs as it has been proclaimed to be obsolete in learning the insight level or mental capacity of various races. It is a direct result of the straightforward explanation that the theoretical develop fluctuates socially and socially. Accordingly the qualities that make for insight inside the Chinese probably won't be so for the Americans. In this manner one might say that the IQ test’s consistency is restricted (Neisser, 1996). Neisser’s sees however

Aquatarkus

Aquatarkus DID YOU KNOW? The landscape of the Charles River around MIT is almost entirely man-made. I had originally called this entry Dirty old river, must you keep rolling? but I figured that nobody else would get that either, and decided on this one for brevitys sake. Still, you must know, the Charles is a very dirty and very old river. As Wikipedia tells us: Despite its famous water pollution, making the Charles Swimmable by 2005 became an important EPA goal. While this promise was not reached in time, swimming and fishing are progressively re-emerging as about 90% of the length of the river is now considered safe for swimming. Health risks remain however, particularly after rainstorms and when walking in certain riverbeds stirs up toxic sediment. And as long as Im at it, an excerpt from the 6.002 course website: The 6.002 Final Exam will be Tuesday, May 23 from 9:00 until noon. It will be in Johnson Ice Rink. For fourteen weeks the Final Exam lay quiet in Professor Langs keeping, prolonging his life, delaying old age. But no longer, Frodo. Evil is stirring in 6.002. The Exam has woken. It has heard its Masters Call. Its problems have multiplied. Its fortress at Barad-Dur is rebuilt on the land of 10-250. The Exam yearns to go home, to return to the hand of its Master. They are one, the Exam and the Dark Lord. Frodo, he must never find it. Take heart. Take these sample exams to the practice fields. Once you have seen them, you will not break in battle against the Nazgul. In addition, the Fellowship of the TAs will hold a review (location, time TBA), where we will arm and outfit you with the finest Dwarven Mithril plate and show you techniques that will chill the heart of even the most formidable diode-connected orc. Good luck! Anyway, so, uh, last Saturday? my floor decided it would be a good idea to take some of our dorms money and go canoeing! Woohoo! Basically, Burton-Conner has this thing called the Inter-Floor Activity Fund whereby floors can request a total of $3300 to plan trips with one another. Its a way to promote healthy relationships and bonding between floors, because walking up two flights of stairs is just way hard sometimes. So, Conner 5 and we had a picnic outside on a relatively nice day, and spent the rest of the nice weather out on the Charles dodging overzealous crew shells. Whoa, its picture time! Photo credit goes to floor chair-elect Javi 08. Cassi 08 gets to pretend shes a real pirate for a little bit along with first mate Mirat 08. People ask me, is MIT really the third ugliest school in the entire world, like Princeton Review says? Well, just take a look at the above picture. Oh, wait, thats Harvard. What I like to say on the subject is that while not every building at MIT might look good to you in the traditional sense of the word (falling-down piece in primary colors, concrete 30-60-90 triangle, shiny space waffle), at least they all look very, very different from buildings you see elsewhere. Thats more than I can say for some other schools. Meara Killer 09 and Diana 08, choreographer for MTGs Chicago, got to the party a little late, but still got to do some canoeing. Mike Short 05 thinks were so cool that he came BACK to canoe with us! As for myself, well okay, I actually do like canoeing. See, creatures really can live in the Charles. See, people at MIT really do smile sometimes. No, really. Coming soon: My 150th post.

Human Trafficking The Post Modern Slavery - 1353 Words

Name: Lara Kochenborger Professor: LaChe Pool Subject: English Date: February 19, 2016 Human Trafficking: The Post-Modern Slavery? Introduction: Human trafficking, being such a hideous crime, that privates people from their right to freedom, is not only largely hidden, but the victims are also often forgotten; could be extinguished if the problem received more attention by the authorities. Being a crime that exists since the beginning of the times, we should expect to see more action being taken against people being taken (sometimes against their will sometimes coerced into it) from their countries, cities and houses, and forced to do services they did not sign up for. Many people don t even know that human trafficking still exists and the government numbers about the topic are often outdated, what makes it harder to stop the practice of this crime. The governments of countries all around the world been taking actions against this practice, but not with a high number of successes. The criminals are often well hidden behind a curtain of anonymity that prevents them of being caught. â€Å"We cannot rely upon the silenced to tell us they are suffering.† – (Ashrawi, Hanan) Targets: Based on testimonials of victims that have escaped the world of human trafficking, it is possible to see a pattern while looking at these victims. 98% of the victims are women and children, from this number 20% are children. Most of the people that fall into this world areShow MoreRelatedThe Issue of Human Trafficking1512 Words   |  7 Pagesand forced into slavery, sometimes to never come out. Slavery was not fully abolished in 1865. Over 27 million men, women, and children are enslaved at this very moment (â€Å"The Cost of Coercion†). That number is close to the population of Florida and Georgia combined who would be enslaved today. What most people today call â€Å"modern-day slavery† is the illegal trade of human beings for forced labor and exploitation; referring to using others for sexual exploitation, organ trafficking, and forced laborRead MoreHuman Trafficking as a Global Issue1405 Words   |  6 PagesEaves defines slavery as ‘the practice of keepin g a person in a situation of servitude or forces labour – or the slave trade – the sale and transfer of vulnerable, exploited persons’ (2009, p.5). Essentially, Eaves points out that the issue of global slavery is not, and has never been, a large scale issue of the past, as so many would assume, it is a contemporary, large scale global issue which is startlingly and vastly present, with approximately 27 million ‘enslaved people worldwide, nearly threeRead MoreSex Trafficking : An Important Social Issue That Affects Vulnerable People1482 Words   |  6 PagesLastName 1 Firstname Lastname Professor Maritato Introduction to Speech - Comm V01 Sex Trafficking General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: By the end of my speech, the audience should be able to explain what sex trafficking is and how it takes place domestically and abroad. Central Idea: Sex trafficking is an important social issue that affects vulnerable people. Introduction: When K. was 14 years old, she fell in love with her horseback riding instructor. She dreamed that they would be in loveRead MoreHuman rafficking a modern day slaveryT1673 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Ngezem Human Trafficking: A Modern Day Slavery Slavery may have been abolished more than 100 years ago, but it still exists all around the world. Slavery defined is the subjection of a person to another person; being forced into work. Through the years, countless of battles have been fought and many lives lost to eliminate slavery, yet it still exists in the form of human trafficking. Human trafficking is the trade of humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexual slavery, forced laborRead MoreGovernment Mock Congress Research : Outline Template1708 Words   |  7 PagesGovernment Mock Congress Research Caveat Outline Template Introduction Hook: There is modern day slavery in the United States, which is known as Human Trafficking. The most common form of human trafficking is prostitution. Mostly young girls and women. Then there are the agricultural workers, domestic workers, childcare providers, construction workers, day laborers and restaurant workers that have been transported to our country or are already living in the United States. Many of these peopleRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is Defined As A Form Of Modern Slavery Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pages1. According to the Department of Homeland Security, human trafficking is defined as a form of modern slavery, in which victims are often either forced, coerced, or fooled by false promises for the purposes of labor or sexual exploitation (citation). Human trafficking has continued to flourish in the 21st century due largely to globalization, natural disasters and crises, and the lack of a united effort to address this issue. Globalization has enabled traffickers to contact interested parties worldwideRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Third Largest Criminal Industry991 Words   |  4 PagesHuman trafficking, the term just brings to mind images of forced labor,enslavement, and many other terrible things. Human trafficking is the sale and trade of people, typically for the purpose of sexual slavery or forced labor (Shukla). According to Eleanor Goldberg of The Huffington Post, even though they may seem similar, slavery and human trafficking are two different things, human trafficking is when one is recruited, provided, or obtained for the purpose of exploitation, often sold for monetaryRead MoreHuman Trafficking in the United States1603 Words   |  6 Pagesfood, clothes, and even people. Human trafficking is a worldwide problem, including the United States. Currently, there are approximately 20.9 million people enslaved throughout the world with 2.5 million located in the United States. About 14,500 - 17,500 of foreign nationals are trafficke d into the United States every year (Human trafficking statistics). These statistics show that slavery is still alive and flourishing throughout the entire world. When humans are exchanged, exploited, and forcedRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery1244 Words   |  5 Pages Human trafficking Around the world human trafficking happens around us without us noticing or realising what is happening. Modern-day slavery exists around the world and it is known today as human trafficking or trafficking in persons. So, what is human trafficking and why don t many people seek for help or go to athoughty ? Well human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act. Every year millionsRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery1228 Words   |  5 Pages Around the world human trafficking happens around us without us noticing or realising what is happening. Modern-day slavery exists around the world and it is known today as human trafficking or trafficking in persons. So, what is human trafficking and why don t many people seek for help or go to athoughty ? Well human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act. Every year millions of men and woman and

Circus Maximus - 1976 Words

Circus Maximus It is nearly impossible to look at the field that holds the remains of the Circus Maximus and understand what it once held without the aid of a vivid reconstruction. The remains of Circus Maximus lie in the Valley between the Aventine and Palentine hill. Traditionally, the history of the Circus Maximus began with chariot races held in honor of the God Consus in a less permanent structure in the area near Consus’s altar. In later years, this lead to the construction of a circus under the first Etruscan king, Tarquinius Priscus around 600 bc. Previous to Tarquin’s intervention, an underground stream kept the valley swamp like. Tarquin diverted the water and drained the area and began to hold chariot races in the area. The†¦show more content†¦Racers were expected to remain in their chalked lanes until passing a marked break line at which time the charioteers were free to take any position on the track. The jargoning for the ideal location on the track often made racing a dangerous sport. The chariot races traditionally consisted of seven laps about the track counterclockwise. Turning posts dubbed matae consisted of 3 gilded bronze cones set atop a hemispherical shaped block. The races lasted somewhere in the realm between eight and nine minutes and the race length was measured to be near three miles. More often than not, chariots were pulled by four horses. At the beginning of the races, it is suspected that chariots were owned privately and the charioteers hired by the owners. Over time factions, a system of professional chariot racing organizations emerged. The timing of the initial use of factions is expected to have been sometime shortly after the Second Punic War. The factions seem to have emerged over time out of need rather than by a specific mandate. The amount of chariot races and popularity of the sport a public need for organization became apparent. The efficiency offered by factions was a popular solution to the inadequacy of the previous system. The faction owners had teams of workers and all sorts of resources for their athletes. The horses, chariots,Show MoreRelatedThe Circus Maximus1098 Words   |  5 PagesThe Circus Maximus The Circus Maximus, located in the Vallis Murcia (valley between the Aventine and Palatine hills) in Rome, was an ancient hippodrome and mass entertainment venue for the citizens of Rome. The Circus Maximus was first utilised for public games and entertainment by the Etruscan kings of Rome. The first games of the Ludi Romani (Roman Games) were staged there under the rule of Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth Etruscan ruler of Rome. They were in held in early September at the endRead MoreThe Life Of The Circus Maximus1823 Words   |  8 Pages the Circus Maximus do not launder just money which they skim from casinos or wherever to build up their coffers as part of a slush fund. No, they also launder other things,† mentioned Walther. â€Å"I am talking about something else besides millions of dollars in hard and liquid assets such as gold and silver bullion, gems, bank notes and securities.† â€Å"Like what?† the Wise Man asked, demanding answers. Brà ¼nnhilde began to describe to the Wise Man about the other things that the Circus Maximus considersRead MoreRome And Rome : Colosseum, Circus Maximus, And Hippodromes1610 Words   |  7 Pagesfacilities and how they were structured it can be breath taking and offer a wealth of knowledge. Some of the greatest facilities still stand today and others are being built. Some of the most famous facilities being in Greece and Rome: Colosseum, Circus Maximus, and Hippodromes. The Colosseum is one of the greatest buildings ever built. It was built around A.D. 70-72 by Emperor Vespasian (Colosseum). In A.D. 80 the Colosseum was opened up for games (Colosseum). Some of the games being played were gladiatorialRead MoreShould Animals Be Banned?1742 Words   |  7 PagesShould the Use of Animals in Circuses Be Banned? People have been flocking to see the dancing animals at the circus for ages, but how much do you really know about what goes on behind the scenes? The use of animals in the circus has a long history dating all the way back to ancient Rome. In fact, the first established circus in history, Circus Maximus, used animals. Even in those ancient times, the use of animals to entertain humans proved to be a very lucrative business. For the people that attendRead MoreThe Mistreatment of Circus Animals1561 Words   |  6 Pages Imagine being in a circus ring watching tigers and lions leaping through blazing rings of fire, elephants standing on their heads, and monkeys riding red bicycles for a colossal crowd of screaming, cheering fans. The elephant’s exhausted, worn body is swamped with intricately designed drapes. The sweet, endearing smell of fresh cotton candy and popcorn fills the air with excitement. When the show has reached the grand finale and has come to an end, a trainer a rrives with a bull hook and thrustsRead MoreExotic Animals in Entertainment: the Pros and Cons3621 Words   |  15 Pageslegal aspects, organizations involved, public image, and the controversy of the industry will be covered as the primary goal of the research. The truth behind the entertainment industry will be revealed by examining historical archives such as the Circus Maximus in Rome, studying mass media records, and laws. The research highlights the controversy pertaining to the use of exotic animals in the entertainment industry by discussing the solutions available and also the negative and positive aspects of bothRead MoreThe Roman Spectacle Of Ancient Society891 Words   |  4 Pagesfifth king of Rome in the sixth century BC commission a place for such events to take place the Circus Maximus would be constructed using the natural geography found in Rome. In between the hills Aventine and Palatine a small stream had carved out a depression. This site would become the largest sports arena the world has ever known. The Circus Maximus would seat around 100,000 spectators. The Circus was designed for chariot racing, but other events were held there, including gladiatorial combatsRead MoreRoman Entertainment1201 Words   |  5 Pageswere held for the Romans to watch. Watching was free so that everyone could come. The events held almost always involved death and destruction. There were the gladiators, the feeding of people to lions, animals fighting animals, animal hunts, animal circus acts, and mock sea battles, where the Colosseum was flooded with water. The animals used in these events were kept below the Colosseum and an estimated 5,000 animals were killed the day the Colosseum opened. The animals were kept under the ColosseumRead MoreAncient Roman Art Of Entertainment1561 Words   |  7 Pageshow they were formed or who cultivated them. Displays of mass public entertainment took on a number of different forms, from festivals such as ludi Megalenses, ludi Ceriales, to â€Å"ludi Circenses, (chariot racing in the circus) Venationes (games with animals, also in the circus, but later they took place in the amphitheater as well) and theatrical performances, ludi Scaenici† (Potter and Mattingly, 206). Although the games were religious in origin, they gradually acquired secular and political importanceRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Ancient Rome656 Words   |  3 Pagesimportant useful invention was the aqueducts. They carried in water to drink. The water was also used for water plant that provided food. They even used water to wash away dirt to get minerals from mining. One big public entertaining place was the Circus Maximus. It could hold 150,000 people and the arena was 2,037ft in length and 387ft in width. Gladiator, chariot racing, athletics, plays, and ceremonies were held there. The Coliseum could hold 50,000 people and was 615ft long and 510ft wide. Deadly

Principles of assessment in lifelong learning Essay Free Essays

1. 1Explain the types of appraisal used in womb-to-tomb acquisition. ( 150 words approx. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of assessment in lifelong learning Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) Initial/diagnostic appraisal can be taken before learner’s registration for a class. This is a manner of happening out whether the prospective class is suited for a pupil and meets the learner’s needs or non. Formative appraisal can be taken during the programme or a class. Teachers use appraisals in their instruction Sessionss to do opinion about their scholars. Summational appraisal is used to sketch or work out the degree of accomplishment. Summational appraisal is used for a concluding opinion about the acquisition accomplishments. Formal appraisal is used where there is a demand to measure scholars under controlled conditions. Informal appraisal is used as an on-going cheque on understanding without control conditions. This is an assistance for a instructor to supervise advancement. Independent assessment applies to classs where the scholars are assessed by person other than their instructor. Peer appraisal is used where other scholars are at the same degree of accomplishment and cognition and can play a critical function in judging a learner’s accomplishment degree. 1. 2 Explain the usage of methods of appraisal in womb-to-tomb acquisition. ( 150 words approx. ) Different methods can be used for appraisal in the womb-to-tomb acquisition. Short replies: is a good manner of maintaining pupil activities in their acquisitions. Multiple –choice: is a undertaking in which scholar has to choose the right reply from a figure of alternate options. Observation: Observation is used I this programme for appraisal of micro-teach/ instruction pattern bringing. It can be used in any state of affairs where practical accomplishments are being assessed. Undertaking work: involves a piece of written work in which scholars take duty. Essaies: This is a significant piece of written work every bit good. It asks scholars to demo apprehension of the topic. Examinations: can be taken either by written trials or completion of a practical undertaking under controlled conditions. Oral and aural: These assessment trial speech production and listening accomplishments. In this appraisal. scholars are required to listen to something and respond. Electronic appraisal: refers to the usage of information engineering for any assessment-related activity. How to cite Principles of assessment in lifelong learning Essay, Essay examples

Barn Burning By William Faulkner Essay Example For Students

Barn Burning By William Faulkner Essay This was the first time I have read Barn Burning. I really enjoyed it because it promotes justice and standing up for whats right in life, even though it is sometimes hard. I believe that one of the points of the story is that family, friends, or society can pressure you into the wrong just as Abner Snopes pressures his son Sarty by telling him You got to learn to stick to your own blood or you aint going to have any blood to stick to you. I believe that this line, implying loyalty to family and the fact that Sarty grew up facing these awful conditions makes it all the harder to stand up for what he knows to be right. Sarty knows that what his father is doing is wrong, but it is hard for the young boy to go against his father and feels like he will betray him. Stepping away towards the right, no matter how deep and long hes had to face it, makes it ever so rewarding. Thats what I believe this story is all about. Deep inside the surface of this story there is a symbolism behind the burning barns. I believe the barns represent the wrong that goes on around us throughout all society, government, and else where. It is easy for us to stand back oft times and ignore what is going on, thinking to ourselves that it is just common place. It has always been like that. In this fast pace world that we live in, we worry about ourselves and set aside the wrong that is going on around us. We may ignore the problems and issues facing our freedom, our city or town, or even our family. It is easy to go about on our own, doing our own thing. We can stand up for what we believe and do what is right. We can make our difference, putting forth a little effort to make change and better the world we live in. We can face the problems that we may be comfortable with, even though we know they are wrong. We just need to break loose taking that first step, as did Sarty in finally gathering the courage that he and his mother needed to have all along. He runs to the house of Major de Spain (which is a very nice house that represents truth and justice) and yells, Barn! Barn! Sarty runs off and hears a shot is fired. His Father dies. He mourns over his fathers death, thinking he was brave. Sarty has a feeling of resolution and hope and has finally made that step to manhood, being able to make his own decisions. The last line of the story says, He went on down the hill, toward the dark woods within which the liquid silver voices of the birds, called unceasing-the rapid and urgent beating of the urgent and quiring heart of the late spring night. He did not look back.

Intro Speech free essay sample

Introductory Informative Unit 1 . Identify the major similarities and differences between public speaking and everyday conversation. Similarities I Differences I Logical organization of thoughts (Message organized by a speaker)- Tailoring your message to your audience (explain something differently to a child than you would to a grandparent, or a peer)- Telling stories/relaying information for maximum impact (Build up, adjustment to punch line)- Adapting to listener feedback (react to verbal, facial, and physical responses from listeners) I -? P.S is more structured (time imitations, one-sided, less conversational; requires planning preparation)-? P. S requires more formal language (elevated, polished, special language, no slang)-? P. S requires a different method of delivery (avoiding vocalizes pauses or clutter words: great control over mannerism; vocal adjustment) I 2. Discuss methods of controlling nervousness and making it work for, rather than against, the speaker 1. Acquire speaking experience (make It less of an unknown; Improve Vial trial and error) 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Intro Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Prepare, prepare, prepare (Increases confidence, knowledge) 3. Think positively (convert negative thoughts to positive ones) 4. Visualize (create positive mental images) 5. Know that most nervousness is not visible 6. Dont expect perfection (its an act of communication, not a performance; minor errors often unnoticed) 3. Identify and discuss the basic elements of the speech communication process 1 . Speaker: the person presenting an oral message too listener. 2.Message: whatever a speaker communicates to someone else Includes intended as well as actual message; goal is for them to be the same 3. Channel: means by which message is communicated On-person, telephone; multiple channels for different audiences) 4. Listener: the person who receives the speakers . Importance of listener frame of reference tailor your message to the message likely frames of reference of your audience members 5. Feedback: messages, usually nonverbal, sent from listener to speaker (applause, slouching) 6.Interference: anything that impedes communication of a message c. Internal: individuals moods d. External: noise distraction 7. Situation: the time and place in which speech communication occurs context e. Messages and delivery must be adapted to situation I. 5 minutes left to finish 7 minutes speech. 4. Define Ethnocentrism, and explain why speakers need to avoid it -? Ethnocentrism: The belief that ones own group or culture Is superior to all other groups or culture. Unintentional, but nonetheless harmful) -? To avoid: adapt message to the cultural values and expectations of listeners. * Learn about audience Be alert to audience feedback Plato said all public speakers should be truthful and devoted to the good of society * Your ethical decisions will be guided by your values, your conscience, your sense of right and wrong. * Sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines * Make sure you prepare lull, so that you dont communicate erroneous information or misleading advice. . List and describe the five guidelines for ethical speechifying. * Make sure your goals are ethically sound * Worth goals * Ask ethical questions * Cannot escape assessing the ethical soundness of your goals * Be fully prepared for each speech * You have an obligation to yourself and your listeners * Being prepared for speech involves everything from analyzing your audience to creating visual aids, organizing your ideas, to rehearsing your delivery * Be fully informed on your subject. Get your facts rights. Be honest in what you say Most important part * Words can be trusted and people will be truthful * False statistics, quoting out of context, misrepresenting sources, portraying a few details as the whole story, and substituting half-truths for evidence and proof. Wrong * Ethically responsible speakers do not take credit of other peoples words * Avoid name- calling and other forms of abusive language * Name-calling: The use of personal language to defame, demeans, or degrade indivi duals or groups. This reinforces attitudes that encourage prejudice; hate crime, civil rights violation * Put ethical principles into practice Use ethics in your every day life 7. Identify and differentiate among Global plagiarism, patchwork plagiarism, and incremental plagiarisms * Global plagiarism * Stealing your speech entirely from another source and passing it off on your own. * Patchwork plagiarism * This is where a writer takes from two or three sources. * Incremental Plagiarism * Fails to give credit for particular parts or increments of the speech that are borrowed from other people. Most common with quotations and paraphrases * Common with quotations and paraphrases. 8. List and discuss the three basic guidelines for ethical listening * Be courteous ND Attentive * Give a speaker a same attention that you would like to receive * Sit up straight, no slouch, keep an eye contact, show supporting and encouraging attitude * Avoiding PREJUDGING the speaker * You don not have to agree with everything that the speaker is saying, but you should listen carefully to his/her ideas, assess the evidence and reasoning offered and reach an intelligent Judgment about the speech. Maintain the Free and Open expression of Ideas * Though disagree with the entire message, but show respect speakers right to * Hearing is a physiological process, involving the vibration of so und waves on our eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses from the inner ear to the central auditory system of brain. * Listening involves paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear 10. Explain why good listening is important to effective speech making * By having a good listening skills will allow you to hear accurate information, summarize the information well, recall the facts right, distinguish the main points from minor points easily. This will allow you to organize much easily, making it much easier for you make a speech. 11. Four major causes of poor listening * Not concentrating We can process a speakers words and still have plenty of spare brain time, we are tempted to interrupt our listening by thinking about other things. Listening too hard * Taking up too much information while hearing will end up obfuscates the facts. * Jumping to conclusion * Putting words into a speakers mouth. * We tend to think that were so sure with what they mean in that we dont listen to what they actually say. * Prematurely rejecting speakers ideas as boring or misguided. * Focus on delivery and personal appearance * We sometimes Judge people by their appearance and dont even pay close attention to what they say.Major sources of interference in speech communication process. 12. Six ways to become a better listener * Take listening seriously * Practice and self-discipline * Its a pure effort * Be an Active Listeners * Give undivided attention to the speaker * No distraction by internal or external interference * No procurement on speaker * Develop note taking skills * Resist Distractions * Make a conscious effort to pull your mind back to what the speaker is saying. Think ahead of the speaker * Review what the speaker has said and understand * Dont be diverted by appearance and delivery Suspend Judgment * Respect speakers opinion, no show of disagreement while speaker is speaking * Focus Your listening * Listen for main points * Listen of evidence * Listen for technique * What attention de vice? Credibility and good will? Clear to follow? Accurate, clear? * Develop note taking skills * Focus a speakers main points and evidence. 13. Explain why effective use of language is vital to speech composition and public * Allow listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. Helps bring your speech to life (imagery, concrete language, simile and metaphor) * Able to adapt to any types of situations and environment 14. Explain four methods one can use when having trouble choosing a speech topic. * Personal Inventory * Make a quick inventory of your experiences, interests, hobbies, skills, beliefs, and so forth * Fashion a specific topic * Clustering * Make columns of various categories. * Ex) people places, things, events, processes, concepts, natural phenomena and so forth * Internet Search * Browse through a subject-based website, online encyclopedia or any reference portal. Topics that you know a lot about/ Topic that interests you/ Brainstorm for topics 15. Differentiate among the general purpose, specific purpose and central idea f the speech. * General Purpose The broad goal of a speech; to inform/ to persuade (Two -word infinitive phrase) * Specific Purpose A single infinitive phrase that states precisely what speaker hopes to accomplish in his or her speech * Shows what the speaker wants the audience to grasp at the end of the speech. Central idea of the speech concise statement of what you expect to say * Thesis statement, major thought * Simple, declarative sentence that sharpens the specific purpose statement. 16. Formulate effective specific purpose statements and central ideas * Specific repose: to inform my audience about the effectiveness of Crossfire * Central ideas: Crossfire contains diverse, practical, and high intensity movement that includes weightlifting, gymnastics, and metabolic conditioning. *17.Lucas five tips for formulating specific purpose statements and the five questions to ask about them * Specific Purpose: * Write the purpose statement as a full infinitive phrase, not as a fragment Not thoug ht out fully then no effective * Express your purpose as a statement, not as a question * Gives no clear direction of the speech * Avoid figurative language in your purpose statement Too ambiguous * Limit your purpose statement to one distinct idea * Focus on one * Make sure your specific purpose is not too vague or general * Five Questions about Specific Purpose * Does my purpose meet the assignment? Be sure that you understand the assignment and shape your specific purpose * Can I accomplish my purpose and the time allotted? To meet it * Better off with limited purpose * Is the purpose relevant to my audience? * Make sure that you are truly interested in the topic the topic to your audience * Is the purpose too trivial for my audience? * Find a way to relate *18.Discuss and apply the four guidelines for effective central ideas expressed in a full sentence * Should not be in the form of a question * Should avoid figurative language * Should not be vague or overly general *19. Discuss the four kinds of informative speeches * Speeches about objects * Speeches about processes * Speeches about events * Speeches about concept *20.Explain and apply the five guidelines for informative speaking overestimate what the audience know * Explain thoroughly * Listeners are only vaguely knowledgeable * Relate this subject directly to the audience * Gain attention from the audience Show that you are interested * Should be * Dont * you and your to relate it to their interests * Dont be too technical * May be too specialized for the audience * Avoid abstractions * Description: a statement that depicts a person, event, idea, with clarity with vividness * Use comparisons to create concrete and familiar terms Compare/Contrast * Personalize your ideas * To present ones ideas in human terms that can relate in some fashion to the experience of the audience * Be Creative * Constructing your informative speech creatively * Visual aids, props 21 .Three ways to Avoid abstractions * Use description Use comparison * Use contrast 22. Why is it important for speeches to be organized clearly and coherently? Speech organization is important and closely connected to critical thinking. * you gain practice in the general skill of establishing clear relationships among your ideas. * Using a clear specific method can boost confidence and improve your ability to deliver the message fluently * Higher comprehension from the audience * Higher opinion of the speaker * Coherence is key because speakers only have one chance to get the point across 23. Five strategic methods of organizing main points in speech * ChronologicalOrder * Follow a time pattern * Narrate series of events in the sequence * Spatial Order * Top to bottom, left to right, front to back * Causal Order * Shows a cause and effect relationship * Two main points * Problem-solution Order * Divided into two main points * First shows the existence and seriousness of a problem solution to the problem * Topical Order * Second shows the * Main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics, which becomes a main point. 24. Guidelines for organizing main points * Keep main points separate * Each main point must be clearly independent of others * Try to use the same tatter of wording for main points * Consistent pattern of wording * Improves Increase Teaches * Parallelism * Balance the amount of time devoted to main points * Doesnt have to be exact, Just close 25. Four kinds of speech connectives * Transitions * Words or phrases that indicate that the speaker has Just completed one thought and is moving on to next one * Internal Previews * Let the audience know what is going to come up next. They are much more detailed then transitions * Internal Summaries * Remind listeners of what they have Just heard * Signposts * Brief statements that indicate exactly where you are in the speech First, second, third cause * Use questions 26. Four objectives of a speech introduction 1. Get the attention and interest of your audience 2. Reveal the topic of your speech a. Clearly state your topic 3. Establish your credibility and good will. B. Respect audiences value * EX) c. Qualified to speak on a given topic and of being perceived as qualified by your listeners d. Credibility: the audiences perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic e. Goodwill: the audiences perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind. 4. Preview the body of the speech f.Thesis statement, summarize what will come up in body paragraph 27. Seven methods that can be used to gain attention in an introduction * Relate topic to the * People pay attention to the things you say that affect them directly. * Relate the topic to your listeners by using words: you and your. * State the Importance to your topic * Why should the audience listen to your topic? How important is your speech? * Demonstrate the significance of the topic, so that the listeners will know why they should think so. * Startle the Audience * One of the interesting ways to arouse the audiences attention is to startle them tit an intriguing statement. BUT, when you make a strong opening simply to just shock people and then move on to different topic, the audience will be lost in the middle. * Arouse the Curiosity of the Audience * Everyone is curious about everything. * Build suspenseful mood to your introduction * Question the Audience * Ask a rhetorical question: A question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud. * This will help the audience to draw in and be more focused on your speech. * BUT, you must make a small pause to give the audience a moment to think about the question. * Begin with a Quotation Another way to engage the audience is to start with a fascinating quotation. Quotation from literature, poem, song, or film or from a persons speech. * Tell a Story * Engage audience with a quick anecdote relevant to your topic. * People like hearing stories. * Keep it short 27. Major functions of a speech conclusion * To let the audience know you are ending the speech * To reinforce the audiences understanding of, or commitment to, the central idea. 28. Methods for fulfilling the functions oaf speech conclusion * Signal the end of the speech * Crescendo ending: a conclusion in which the speech builds to a zenith of power ND intensity * Dissolve ending: a conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement. To reinforce the central idea * Summarize your speech quickly go over the main ideas in your manuscript * End with a quotation end with a quotation that captures the audiences interest * Make a dramatic statement use a powerfully closing line to end your speech Refer to the introduction go back and re-iterate the central idea that you made clear in the introduction 29. Preparation outline vs. . Speaking outline Preparation Outline I Speaking Outline I A detailed outline developed during the process of the speech preparation that includes:Title, specific purpose, central idea, introduction, main points, sub-points, connectives, conclusion, bibliography of a speech I A brief outline used to Jog a speakers memory during the presentation oaf speech. | 30.Guidelines for an effective preparation outline * State the specific purpose of your speech * Identify the central idea * Use a consistent pattern of symbolization and indentation framework * State main points and sub points in full sentences * Label transitions, internal summaries, and internal previews bibliography * MEAL / PAPA * Give your speech a title * Be brief * Attract the attention * Encapsulate the main thrust of your speech 31 . Three major advantages of using visual aids in a speech * Clear visual * Attach a * People will find a speakers message more interesting * Easier to understand * Retain it longer when it i s presented visually as well as verbally 32. Discuss the kinds of visual aids available for seen speeches * Objects and Models * Photographs and drawings * Graphs * Charts * Takes a large block of info and summarizes it * Video * The speaker * Use your body and demonstrated it firsthand Power point * Dont let it dominate your presentation * Dont read directly from the slides * Plan ahead on your slides 33.Guidelines for preparing visual aids * Prepare visual aids well in advance * Keep visual aids simple * Simple, clear, and to the point * Make sure visual aids are large enough * Use a limited amount of text * Keywords * Use fonts effectively * Choose clear ones * Dont use all caps * Use color effectively * Dont use a color that will confuse the audience * Uses image strategically * Dont add photos Just to fill space * Use concrete ones that help get your point across Guidelines for presenting visual aids * Display visual aids where listeners can see them * Avoid passing visual aids the audience * Display visual aids only while discussing them * Explain visual aids clearly and concisely * Visual aid cannot describe itself. So describe * Talk to your audience not your visual aid * Dont lose eye contact while showing your visual aid reaction to the item * Practice with your visual aids * Practice when you will show it * Check the room and equipment * Gage audiences * Check if the equipment will work correctly ex. Powering, video 34.Why good delivery is important to successful speaking It conveys what the speaker wants effectively. * Helps get across the ideas clearly, interestingly, and without distracting the audience * Audiences want formality with the attributes of a conversation: Directness, spontaneity, animation, vocal and facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication. *35. Four methods of delivering a speech * Reading from a manuscript * Must be delivered word for word * Make sure you sound vibrant and natural * Reciting from memory * Entirely from memorization * Speaking impromptu * Take notes and pay close attention to the other speakers, so that you will be dead * 1. State the poi nt you are answering * 2. State the point you wish to make * 3.Support your point with appropriate statistics or examples Summarize your point * Speaking extemporaneously * Carefully prepared, rehearse speech * Gives more precise control over thought and language spontaneity and directness than does speaking from memory situations * Offers greater * Adaptable to wide * Conversational quality: presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed *36. Explain the eight aspects of voice usage that are crucial to public seeking * Volume Loudness of softness of the speakers voice * Adjust to the size of the room * Pitch * Highness or lowness of the speakers voice * Use inflections(varieties) in your a voice as you speak something important, or a question, or how something makes you feel. NO MONOTONE * Rate * Rate at which the speaker speaks * The best rate to use depends on many things occasion * Pause * A momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech * Pause can signal the end * Give time to sink in * Vocal variety * Changes in a speakers rate pitch and volume * Gives the voice variety and expressiveness * Pronunciation Accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words * Practice maybe in front of your friends/family to correct any mispronunciation. * Articulation * The physical production of particular speech sounds * Poor articulation is usually due to laziness not pronunciation Dunn, haft, want * Dialect * Ana, Otto, * A variety f language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary 37. Why nonverbal communication is important to the speaker * Posture facial expressions, gestures, eye contact all affect the way listeners respond too speaker * Kinesics the study of body motions as a systematic mode f communication * Has significant impact on the meaning communicated by a speaker * people trust their ears less than their eyes 38.Four most important aspects of nonverbal communication * Personal appearance * Dress according to the occasion, or any situation * Makes a good first impression * Movement * Lots of movements come from nervousness * When going to the podium appear calm, and confident * Dont lean on the podium * When closing, maintain eye contact for a few moments * Gestures * Motions of a speakers hands or arms during speech * Should appear natural and spontaneous * Help clarify and reinforce your ideas Gain more attention * Avoid too much gestures * Eye contact * Making direct visual contact with the eyes of another person * Audience looks at eyes to gauge a speakers truthfulness, intelligence, attitudes and feelings 39. Method for effectively practicing delivery * Go through your preparation outline aloud to check how what you have written is translated smoothly to your spoken discourse * Prepare your speaking outline * Practice the speech aloud several time using only the speaking outline. * Begin to polish and refine your delivery * Check for volume pitch rate pauses and vocal variety * Try it out on friends Intro Speech free essay sample This course is designed to acquaint students with the fundamentals of public speaking, organizational skills, social awareness, and critical thinking will be taught and used In class to Improve listening and speaking skills In all forms of communication. Through practice, interactive exercises, and class lectures, students will learn the importance of clear communication in all aspects of their professional and private lives. Group speech preparation, development of introductions and conclusions, as well as the ability to present a dynamic presentation will be the focus of this class.Required Text: Guide to Public Speaking by Lisa A. Ford-Brown My Gateway: Course material, class announcements and grades will be available for viewing at My Gateway. Course Requirements / Expectations: 1 . Attendance Is mandatory. Tardiness Is not acceptable. Tardiness Is counted as absence after the fourth occurrence. As responsible adults, you are expected to keep your commitment to be on time and attend class for the full time. We will write a custom essay sample on Intro Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page THERE WILL BE A SIGN-IN SHEET FOR EACH CLASS. Attendance essential ;n an interactive, performance class. You are expected to have read each assigned chapter BEFORE the lass meeting. In order to succeed, you will need to remain current In ALL readings whether they are discussed In class that day or not, you need to complete speech assignments and attend ALL class sessions. Rather than a traditional lecture format, class time will be spent in collaborative learning activities, delivering and evaluating speeches and individualized diagnosis and repair of your public speaking needs. If a student misses more than 4 classes in a semester, he/she will lose 100 attendance points resulting in a maximum earned class grade in the B range. Bonus points are even for perfect attendance. 2.Each student is expected to be prepared to discuss the assigned text and to participate with class discussions and assignments. 3. One how to, one introductory, one informative, one persuasive, one ceremonial and one presidential with a team. 4. Each student will attend a speech given outside of class and write a critique of that speech. 5. Each student should be prepared for a quiz on assigned text materials and previous class discussions. 6. Intentionally disrupting class or a classmates speech will result in lowering the attendance grade. If disruptive behavior continues, the student will be expelled from class with a failing grade.Students are expected to act as adults in a business / learning environment. Disruptions include, but are not limited to: Coming to class late and being noisy when entering, doing homework during class, having a computer open in class, cell phone usage during class (this includes incoming calls TURN IT OFF), not showing respect for the instructor or fellow students. If you arrive late and a speech is in progress, wait outside the door until the speech is completed. 7. Outlines are required for our of the seven speeches. The how to speech does not need an outline, but a visual aid is recommended. The impromptu is given on a subject you will choose in class from a list provided by the professor. Your initial introductory speech will also have no outline. All others that earn 100 points or more will need an outline Handing in a printed Powering slide presentation will be counted as an outline. Bibliographies are needed with outlines. Outlines may be submitted prior to giving the speech via e-mail using Word formatting or must be handed in the day of the speech BEFORE the speech is given. Five points will be deducted if outlines are not turned in before the speech is given. . The four speeches that require outlines will also require a bibliography of three sources, documented PAP style. PAP will be discussed in a class lecture and it can be found in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. 9. All speeches will be delivered in a conversational style from outlines or note cards. No speeches will be read. 10. Persuasive, Informative, Ceremonial, and Presidential speeches will require visual aids. Visual aid preparation, usage and etiquette will be discussed in class. 11. Speech topics must be approved prior to presentation.The instructor reserves the right to refuse duplicate speech topics or those considered ethically or morally inappropriate. Speech topics cannot be changed without the instructors permission. 12. ALL WORK MUST BE ORIGINAL IN THOUGHT, CONTENT, AND DELIVERY. Academic honesty is fundamental to the mission of the university and your reputation. Plagiarism is cheating and will not be tolerated. Students must inform the audience at all times when a source is being used as a quote, paraphrase, or analysis. For SIMMS policy on academic honesty, see the student handbook. 3.Sign up sheets will be available one to two weeks before speeches are due. If a student is NOT READY to give a speech at his/her assigned time, 5 points will be deducted from the score for EACH TIME the student is NOT PREPARED. Obviously, this will greatly affect the overall grade for the speech. SPEECH TYPES: You will be required to give seven speeches in this course. Introductory/Life Change Speech: Give basic information about yourself as an uniqueness of who youve become. (4-6 minutes) Example: Something about culture, family, special experiences, tragedies or passions a real statement about you. How to Speech: Give a speech to tell the class how to do something. This speech is presented in 2nd person. This means the audience will be expected to be able to do whatever is being presented to them. Visual aids are strongly recommended for this speech. (4-6 minutes. ) Impromptu Speech: In the real world, you may be an expert in some field. At any time, you may be called upon by a boss, client, friend, etc. , to talk about your knowledge of this subject. You will be required to deliver this kind of speech during class. A list of topics will be presented the day of the speech.You are to find a topic n which you would be considered an expert and then present this topic. (4-6 minutes) Informative Speech: You are to give a speech on new information. The purpose is to enhance the audiences knowledge about the subject and give YOU a chance to research something new. Gaining and holding the audiences attention is essential. Visual aids MUST be used. (4-6 minutes) Persuasive Speech: This speech should be one that shows opposing points of view, presents information to persuade an audience to change their way of thinking, think about something new or to reinforce an already agreed upon solution.More than one point of view MUST be presented. Visual aid is required. (4-6 minutes) Special Occasion, Commemorative, or Ceremonial Speech: This speech should be one of tribute, inspiration or celebration. The purpose is to increase the audiences good will and respect toward your subject. It can praise an event, a person, a social group, an institution or profession. Visual aids MUST be used. (4-6 minutes) Presidential / Group: This speech is a group project. The instructor assigns groups early in the semester. This speech will present a topic of presidential proportions.Presentation styles will be discussed in class but each group member MUST be a presenter. Visual aids MUST be used. Minutes) Throughout the semester, each group will have opportunities to meet in class when time is available. During this time, the group will also have the opportunity to narrow down its topic for the Group Presentation. It should be a topic that can easily fit into the process defined in the Reflective Thinking Method. 1. Define the problem 2. Analyze the problem (research) 3. Establish criteria for solving the problem (more research based on previous research) 4.Generate potential solutions (pros and con viewpoints) 5. Select the best solution as determined by the group based on the research and present to the class current events issue. This project requires research by each group member at meetings outside of class. The group must do original research of its own, not Just information from known sources. Research may be in the form of a viable survey (to be discussed in class), face-to-face interviews or other traditional methods. This research with all other research MUST be documented in your bibliography.All team members receive the same grade for this project; however, each group ember has the opportunity to evaluate his/her team members after the presentation, which could affect the grade of someone who did not participate in the project. A Team Charter with consequences of nonparticipating will be drawn up and agreed upon by all team members as soon as teams are formed so everyone knows the results of his/her actions. The main speech text and outline with sources are to be presented to the instructor BEFORE the presentation with the names of all team members.You may use a professional speaking engagement, a eulogy or other church sermon, etc. The written assignment should be 2. To 4 pages, double-spaced and written clearly and concisely. Use standard 1 margins and standard fonts such as Times or Arial 12 apt. Give full details of who gave the speech, when and where the speech took place. Guest speakers in other classes are acceptable but not other instructors lectures. Speeches given in this class are NOT acceptable for critique, nor are the speeches shown in class. The due date for this assignment is Wednesday, March 20, 2013.

What would you consider the most decisive or influential forces to bring down apartheid in South Africa Essays

What would you consider the most decisive or influential forces to bring down apartheid in South Africa Essays What would you consider the most decisive or influential forces to bring down apartheid in South Africa Essay What would you consider the most decisive or influential forces to bring down apartheid in South Africa Essay Essay Topic: History The dark days of Apartheid finally came to an end in 1990 when the â€Å"Father† of South Africa, Nelson Mandela was released from prison. In many ways it can be argued that the abolishment of apartheid is attributed to Mandela and in part this is true. However, the factors which led to the downfall of the repressive Apartheid regime are not as simple as assigning it to one sole determinant, but a combination and culmination of varying factors. The main influential forces herein discussed can be classed into 3 categories. Firstly, internal pressure from the black protest and its political parties; secondly, the international isolation which enforced economic sanctions and sporting boycotts; and finally, the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union as the cold war relaxed (US Department of State, 2001). As such this essay will briefly outline these main influences which brought down Apartheid and assess which played the most profound part in its demise. The oppressive actions of the government inflicted on the black community were well known before the 1960’s. However, the most prolific years in the anti-apartheid movements occurred after this time in the form of internal resistance from small and isolated groups (Louw, 2004). These groups were unable to join forces due to the lack of knowledge and understanding of the widespread nature of the regimes actions and the fading belief in their freedom, which thus dulled the effect of anti-apartheid movements. The bans issued upon the ANC and other large scale political parties along with their leaders further reinforced the isolation of groups and lack of coordinated â€Å"struggle† (Callinicos, 1994). In an effort to overcome the limitations of this isolated resistance and boost black resistance actions, black consciousness became one of the defining movements. Spearheaded by Steve Biko, this grassroots effort was forged from the political vacuum left from the bans imposed on the large political groups such as the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan African Congress (PAC) (Clark Worger, 2004). Biko intended for this political conscious movement to help black citizens celebrate their â€Å"blackness† and take pride in their blackness as it was an important phase in their own personal liberation (Clark Worger, 2004). In an ideological manner, the movement aimed to help the black community move away from their perception of themselves as second class citizens. Other prominent leaders of the time included Walter Sisulu and Oliver Tambo. Walter Sisulu was a South African anti-apartheid activist and member of the African National Congress. He was an active member of the ANC and travelled around the world gaining support for the apartheid struggle. Oliver Tambo was also a member of the ANC and worked alongside Sisulu trying to gain political power against apartheid as well as organising protests and riots to convince the South African Government to change (Louw, 2004). These three men as well as many other activists inspired the black communities to take a stand against the biased laws. They inspired and motivated protests such as the Soweto riots, the Vaal Triangle uprising, the Sharpeville Massacre and many other demonstrations (Callinicos, 1994). In undertaking these demonstrations, they fuelled Oliver Tambo’s notion of making Apartheid ungovernable. With so many prolific leaders and large-scale anti-apartheid political groups in action within the country, it begs the question as to why the apartheid regime did not collapse at least a decade earlier than it did. One of the reasons is attributed to the fact that there was a lack of centralised and combined ideology and action despite the rise of black violence and belief in their cause. Disagreements existed between the ANC and their ally the United Democratic Front (UDF) and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) (Callinicos, 1994). The UDF came into existence in 1983 and was an important political party as it was multi-racial (Louw, 2004). Its aims were to unite all non-white resistance groups, and have a stable future under the Freedom Charter it shared with the ANC. Its leaders were people like Archbishop Tutu, Albertina Sisulu, and Winnie Mandela. The IFP on the other hand, run by Mangosuthu Buthelezi advocated the use of nonviolence (Callinicos, 1994) and as such were constantly at odds with the ANC which opened Umkhonto we Sizwe, the specific armed forces aspect of the party (South Africa History Online, 1991). The South African police and other supporters of apartheid relished this internal fighting of the resistance groups as it made the black community appear as if they were not ready to rule the country. Supporters of apartheid stated that the blacks were too violent and not willing to accept other peoples views, which is needed if everyone is to live freely in a democratic society. Despite the disagreements which allowed apartheid to continue, the combined effort of large scale demonstrations undertaken by these anti-apartheid groups would serve as a catalyst for international support for the black cause and condemnation against the South African government The decline in power of the Soviet Union as a result of the decay of the Cold War played an integral part in dismantling the apartheid regime. The lack of international exposure and outcry regarding apartheid was largely based upon the need of the western world, namely the U. S for capitalistic gain. As such the relationship between the Cold War and the downfall of Apartheid was the fact that apartheid was only allowed to continue due to the Cold War (US Department of State, 2001). America viewed South Africa as the stronghold of economic wealth and strength within Africa and as such did not want to jeopardize its control over the trade and shipping routes, with it falling under Soviet communist rule. Thus successful international involvement and support in dismantling apartheid was not achieved until the decline of the Soviet Union. The decline of Soviet power also coincided and likely affected the rapid trend of other African nations move toward a democratic and self-determining society. The Western countries no longer feared the influence of Communism on developing African governments and therefore a period of decolonisation within Africa occurred. The fact that countries surrounding South Africa were becoming independent was a poignant factor as it helped make the South African government more vulnerable. By 1980, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Angola, Malawi and Zambia had all become independent and were now hostile towards South Africa and its oppressive measures against the black community (Clark Worger, 2004). This breakdown in alliance between South Africa and its neighbouring countries meant that South Africa was no longer able to dictate and retain its economic strangle hold on the other nations. In addition the goods such as gold, diamonds and other minerals, which South Africa supplied to the rest of the world were instead produced by the neighbouring independent nations (Clark Worger, 2004). This meant that the international countries were still able to receive the majority of the products which they usually would have received while still able to enact economic sanctions upon the apartheid regime. International intervention was received at the earliest known date in 1962 by the United Nations which invoked trading boycotts with the intent of trying to get the government to reverse the policy of Apartheid. This was the first step that the international countries took to try and make an end of Apartheid. However trading boycotts proved to be ineffective with the country’s wealth of diamond and gold. The boycotts initiated by the UN in 1962 were in response to the massacre in Sharpeville which occurred in 1960 (BBC World Service, 2014). The importance of this event within the context of the demise of apartheid isn’t the death and injured toll but rather the marking of a turning point in the South African history. The event canon balled the apartheid regime onto centre stage on an international level and became the beginning of the country’s increasing isolation from the international community. South Africa was also facing anti-apartheid governments in other nations. The Swedish government, who were strongly opposed to apartheid, supported and donated money to groups within South Africa against apartheid. The British Anti-Apartheid Movement however, instead of donating money, demonstrated their disapproval through sanctions on the sporting competitions between Britain and South Africa (Keech, Houlihan, 1999). They banned South Africa from the 1964 Olympics and stopped cricket and rugby matches between the nations. Investment was another potent casualty suffered as a result of the economic sanction. Many western businesses notably Coca-Cola, began to pull out from the South African markets as they became hesitant on the amount of their profits. Foreign banks such as the Barclays Bank based in South Africa declined to extend loans and began to pull out of the country, heavily affecting the economy (Hirsch, 1989). The trade embargoes also greatly affected the economy as South Africa was not getting any of the vital supplies which they needed and the excess products which they made were going to waste as their primary consumers (western countries) refused to buy these products. Therefore, South African companies had no money with which to pay their workers causing an increase of black unemployment and poverty and a decrease in white incomes as well as a raise in their taxes. Consequently, protests began in South Africa. The financial crisis in 1985 was a direct cause of these imposed sanctions (Hirsch, 1989). The crisis initiated the drop of the Rand and sent the government to declare a state of emergency (Hirsch, 1989). Such an increase in international condemnation and internal demonstrations created an anarchic society thereby forcing the population to believe that it was time for change in South Africa. As evidenced above, the importance of international support and intervention cannot be understated. The boycotts and economic sanctions imposed against the apartheid regime can be seen to be more of an influential force that finally triggered wholesale changes to occur within the country. Yet the most decisive factor behind the fall of apartheid was the opposition within the country from black movements. Their protest and other demonstrations, which at times ended with hundreds dead and thousands more injured, drastically eroded the regime and created doubts within the white faction about their system. Intrinsically the efforts by anti-apartheid groups within the country was a double-edged sword that forced the western world to take notice and intervene.

Design Process Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design Process - Case Study Example Interactive systems design is essential in creating software interfaces. The aim is to illustrate how the prototypes can help designers generate and demonstrate what they intend to deliver. Designers can get feedback from clients and users of the software before completing the development process. The prototypes enable developers choose among the best alternatives in order create the best solution (Langer, 2008). This is usually accompanied with reason in the documentation of why the designer chose the alternative. A prototype is just a representation or a model of an interactive system. The software may not be presented in its full detail, but the interface must be fully presented. The interface may only handle a small code or algorithm in the system, but it is essential in interactive systems. Prototypes usually require several design phases that would take the user through scale of the interactive system. It is essential for software prototypes to develop into final software produ cts because it carries the user’s expectation. When a user is pleased with a representation of the software prototype, it is logical to deliver to the expectation of the user. The process of creativity in software design is intuitive and oriented on new discoveries. Generating new ideas is more essential than evaluating existing ideas to ensure that everything is in order. Creating an interface is a process that involves the inclusion of Human-Computer Interaction. Human Computer Interaction is a multidisciplinary subject that combines scientific elements with design (Dix, 2004). Interface design is a creative process but requires software engineering skills to evolve into operational software. Scientific methods are also used to study the effectiveness of the interfaces and software. Different design processes requires different prototype applications prototypes are either part of the design or just design objects. Prototypes that are viewed as design objects have benefits t hat include support of creativity and helping developer to generate ideas. The prototypes can also help a designer explore the design working space and discover some issues about the user. The prototype also encourages communication between the user and developer during the design process. This is likely to reduce the amount of errors that are usually generated during the development process. There are four dimensions that can be used to define prototypes and their application. The first dimension is the representation technique, which describes the form of prototype used. They include computer simulations and paper sketches. The next dimension is the precision that involves a level of detail where the prototype is evaluated. The evaluation criteria used is whether the prototype is highly polished or rough. The interactivity dimension describes the extent in which the user can interact with the prototype. This is best achieved when the prototype is fully interactive (Pilone & Miles, 2008). The evolution is the final dimension, which describes the expected life cycle of the prototype. Some of the expected lifecycles include iterative and throw away life cycles. This project design requires the use of representational prototype because it involves the use of computer simulations. This is because the project takes the form of a computer program. A number of sketches on paper are considered a prototype, but a computer simulation is the most appropriate prototype in this case. An online prototype is

Council of Graduate Students Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Council of Graduate Students - Assignment Example There is no additional hierarchy amongst the general members. The group is egalitarian in its scope and all the members do have an important role in it. Each general member is expected to selflessly serve the new arrivals at the college and to acquaint them with the institution’s culture and values. In the case of any ambiguity or doubt, the general members can approach any of the five members of the governing body to seek help and advice. Under special circumstances, the governing body may assign special roles and responsibilities to a select group of general members. However, such groups happen to be task oriented and usually temporary and membership of such a group does in no way makes any general member superior to other members. As the membership of this group is open to all the college students and is voluntary in its scope and perspective, hence this group is very close-knit, bound by the common altruistic aspirations to help, guide and inform the new arrivals at the college. No specific norms tend to govern the group activities. However, the group members are strictly expected to not to succumb to any racial, ethnic, religious, or political considerations while serving the new students. In case it is found that any member has gone contrary to such aspirations, strict action is immediately taken, which usually comprises of a strong warning. A repetitive breach of the group policy may invite a tough action like a suspension from the group membership.

Direct Transfer Of Money And Securities Finance Essay

Direct Transfer Of Money And Securities Finance Essay Financial market is mechanism that allows people transfer of capital between savers and those who need capital takes place. It also is a place where allows people to buy and sell financial such as stocks and bonds. In addition to supporting previously issued financial assets in exchange for loans and financial markets through the promotion of financial assets from the sale of newly issued loans. Examples of financial markets including the New York Stock Exchange (resale of previously issued shares), the U.S. government bond market (resale of previously issued bonds), the U.S. Treasury Auctions (sales of new issues of Treasury bills). Financial institution is an institution, its main source of profit through the trading of financial assets. Examples of these financial institutions, including discount brokers (such as Charles Schwab and associates), banks, insurance companies, as well as more complex functions, such as Merrill Lynchs financial institutions. Moreover , financial market can be found in almost every country in the world. There are some very small, only a small number of participants, while others such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the foreign exchange market -,trillion dollars in daily trading. Therefore , there are three ways available transfer of capital in the financial market thats direct transfer of money and securities , investment banking house , and financial intermediaries. DIRECT TRANSFER OF MONEY AND SECURITIES This types of transfer of capital occur when a business sells its stock or bond directly to savers without going through any type of financial institution. From a tax-deferred retirement plan or account type of asset to another. Direct transfer is not considered distribution, so there is no income or subject to any penalty tax in advance the layout. This transfer type is usually no electronic checks are cut from one custodian to another. The business delivers its securities to savers , who in turn give the firm the money it needs. INVESTMENT BANKING HOUSE An investment bank not same with the commercial bank or retail banks, investment bank does not take deposit. This is an organization that underwrites and distributes new investment securities and help businesses obtain financing. An investment bank is one type of financial institution that assists individuals, governments and corporation in raising capital by underwriting and or acting as the clients agent in the issuance of securities. Investment banks also help companies mergers and acquisitions, and provide services such as market making, derivatives, fixed income instruments, foreign exchange, commodities, and asset securitization support services. Other than that , the company can sells its stocks or bonds to the investment bank , which in turn sells these same securities to savers. FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES Financial intermediaries are specialized financial firms that facilitate the transfer of funds from savers to demander of capital. Some of the financial intermediaries are bank such as commercials banks , insurance companies , investment companies. Financial intermediaries are simply transfer money and securities between and saver . They literally create new financial products. The function of financial intermediaries includes reduce the transaction cost. For the liquidity services , it can saving deposits . financial intermediaries also provide online banking to pay the bills. Besides of that , the intermediary obtains funds from savers in exchange for its own securities. The intermediary then uses this money to purchase and then hold businesses securities. The existence of intermediaries greatly increases the efficiency of money and capital markets. Moreover . there have a few of categories of financial intermediaries. The categories of financial intermediaries are depository institutions, contractual savings institutions and investment companies. The depository institution has been divided into depository institution and non-depository institution. Deposit-taking institution in the United States financial institutions such as savings banks, commercial banks, savings and loan associations, or credit unions, in the law to allow the currency to accept deposits from consumers. Federal depository institution is subject to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). COMMERCIAL BANKS Commercial bank or business banks are financial institutions and intermediaries type. This is a bank to provide transactions, savings and money market accounts and time deposits accepted. Commercial bank also is the traditional department stores of finance serve a wide variety of savers and borrowers. Its also expanding the services provided by the range, including food and beverage services and insurance stocks. These commercial banks are institution that run to make a profit and owned by a group of individuals. Actually, commercial banks have some different from investment banks. This is because commercial banks offer loans, while investment banks help companies raise funds from other parties. SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS(SLs) A savings and loan association thats association that similar to bank is a financial institution which specializes in accepting savings deposits and making mortgage loans. They served personal savings and the supply of residential and commercial mortgage borrowers, they also take the fund from many small savers and lend this money to home buyer and also other type of borrowers. In addition, savings and loan association have more expertise in analyzing credit, setting up loans, and making collections than individual savers, so they reduce the costs and increase the availability of real estate loans. Listen Read phonetically CREDIT UNIONS Credit union is a cooperative financial institutions owned and controlled by its members, to promote conservation, provide credit at reasonable prices, and provide other financial services to its member. their member savings are loaned only to other member , generally for auto purchases , home improvement loans , and home mortgages. Credit unions are often the cheapest source of funds available to individual borrowers. Next, contractual savings institutions included life insurance companies and pension funds. Life insurance companies provides insurance for you and your familys in order to create peace of mind. Life insurance is a policy that people buy from a life insurance company, it can be a basis of protection and financial stability after ones death. Its function is to help beneficiaries financially after the owner of the policy dies. They taking saving in the form of annual premiums, invest these funds in stocks , bonds , real estate, and mortgages and finally make payments to the beneficiaries of the insured parties. Other than that , pension fund is a scheme, fund or plan to provide retirement income. This kind of fund is established by employers and organizations to their worker and administered primarily by the trust departments of commercial banks or by life insurance companies. There is two kind of for pension funds, thats defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans. For defined benefit plans , the employer specifies or guarantees the level of benefits the employee will receive when they retires. For defined contribution plans , the employer make specified or defined the payments into plans. When the employee retires , they are determined by the amount of asset in the plan. The third kind of financial intermediaries is investment companies. There have 2 kinds of investment companies that are financial companies and mutual funds. Financial companies is an organization that provides loans for both businesses and consumers. Finance companies also purchase unpaid customer accounts at a discount from merchants and collect the payments due from customers. They also grant small loans directly to their consumers at a relatively high rate of interest. However , there is some differences between financial companies and bank. they unlike with a bank, finance company do not accept deposits from the public. But , finance company may draw funding from banks and various other money market resources. For mutual funds, mutual funds is an open-ended fund operated by a corporations that accept money from savers and then use these funds to buy stocks , long -term bonds, or short -term debt instruments issued by businesses or government units. Different funds are designed t o meet the objectives of different type of savers. For most mutual funds, shareholders are free to sell their shares at any time, although the mutual fund share prices fluctuate daily, after the securities held by the fund depend on the performance Listen Read phonetically Dictionary View detailed dictionary CONCLUSION In short , we know clearly about the financial market information. Financial market is mechanism that allows people transfer of capital between savers and those who need capital takes place.Inside the market we know what are they doing and contribute to our. Other of that , I also can know the function of financial intermediaries and also have what categories inside the financial intermediaries. There are many types in financial intermediaries, I get to know each of them clearly and also a few ways of transfer the funds and after this we know which type of investment are most suitable and better of us.

My Favourite Book Essay

Some read books to idle away their time. Some read books to widen their knowledge, while many others read books to enjoy its content. I belong to this category. I enjoy reading good books particularly novels, short stories, plays, etc. The world famous literary works of great authors such as, Charles Dickens, Tolstoy, Dominique Lappiere, Rabindranath Tagore, R. K. Narayan, Arundhathi Roy, Salman Rushdie, etc. have always charmed and thrilled me, giving waves of delight, leisure, relaxation and mental refreshment. My favourite book is ‘City of Joy’ written by Dominique Lappiere. The book is a touching description of the lives of the slum-dwellers of Kolkata. The street-urchins, cycle-rickshaw pullers, city-vendors, coolies, pimps, ordinary men and women are the heroes and heroines of this story. Their lives, their joys and suffering and their pitiable existence are vividly painted by the author. It is the story of the most unwanted people of the society. But the author finds joy, courage, excellence, and fine qualities amidst this miserable existence. The story has touched me so much that I have read this book several times during the last few years. The most attractive feature of the book, which impressed me most, was the author’s mention of minute details. The author does not give a picture of the slums of Kolkata from far but rather presents a realistic picture with its congested dwellings, dirty drains, narrow footpaths, people’s quarrels and fights, their feasts and festivals, etc. The beauty of narration becomes all the more thrilling when it is realistic and true. No wonder why the book has won so much international acclaim. Secondly, the superb presentation of the scenes, characters and episodes whether important or unimportant in the story, keeps the reader spellbound throughout. The language is simple and the style of narration is down to earth. The author’s skill of characterisation is too exquisite to go unnoticed. When we read the book, a whole face of numerous lives open before us. Lappiere’s art of story building is also most impressive. The gradual build-up of the story leading to a touching finale in the end has made Lappiere’s work a wonderful literary work, worth reading. It is a fact that if one starts reading this book, he or she would not be able to put away the book without completing it. The curiosity to know what happened to their lives and how they would end up finally keeps the reader excited and forces him/her to go on with the reading. Over the last few years I have read many books, particularly fictions. But none of them has impressed me or touched me in this manner and brought tears to my eyes as ‘City of Joy’. To me this book is one of the finest books in the world. Its excellent qualities have made it my favourite book.

Compare wong’s pragmatic classroom kagan kyle and scott win win discipline and morrish’s real discipline Essay

Clear guidelines on how to prepare are defined for each time of the day. Procedures are divided into periods to facilitate implementation in class. Teachers are also directed on preparation in the summer before classes start for the year. Procedures will stay the same this reduces behavior problems and keeps the focus on learning and educating. Teachers understand the boundaries of their control; the teacher can focus on being proactive to prevent problems rather than wasting time reacting to problems she could anticipate. Any teacher can implement the theory of the practical classroom without concern for over- or under-reaching with students. students’ accomplishments are pretentious by the procedures used. †¢ This philosophy has a solid positions that are shared with the students †¢ A Comparison of Discipline Models Wong’s Pragmatic Classroom Kagan, Kyle, and Scott’s win-win discipline Morrish’s Real Discipline Compare and Contrast †¢ Students are given the choose to what they feel is good for them to do. †¢ Students, teacher and parents are involved in the rule making. †¢ Help students understand each other’s responsibilities along with what the teacher’s responsibilities are. †¢ Discipline is something that the win-win problem does not do to students. †¢ Corrects the situation, which allows the students to come up better actions, which will result in acceptable behavior. †¢ According to Morrish’s real discipline children can only learn SELF DISCIPLINE through experience. †¢ Morrish further states that when children enter school they do not have the knowledge on behaving properly. †¢ With the Three theories they all have the similarity that the teachers and students are involved in the learning process of the required discipline. Strengths †¢ Students, Teachers and parents all work together to establish the rules to have a better school experience. †¢ Teachers help students behave which is acceptable behavior to their teacher. †¢ Win-win discipline is to help students develop log-term, self-managed responsibility. †¢ Morrish rewards occasionally the students for behaving correctly. †¢ Morrish gives students courage that they may not have when working through issues that are sensitive. †¢Weakness †¢ There is too much compromise between teacher and student when establishing the classroom rules. †¢ Teachers are too limited on what they can do to prevent disruptions. †¢ The program is most effective if it is implemented from the first day of school until the last day of school. †¢ Morrish overstates the role of the teacher. â€Å"The because I said so† response. †¢ Morrish believes that teachers who praise children to build up their self-esteem actually do more harm than good. †¢ Morris is against giving students the freedom to choose

Cognitive Failures Of A Person s Cognitive System

A person’s cognitive system can overall be very effective, though occasionally mistakes occur resulting in generalized cognitive failures. Cognitive failures, also known as absent-mindedness, are errors or mistakes people make due to attention slips or memory failures (Reason, 1982). These failures refer to all possible errors within the cognitive system and can be traced to problems with attention, memory, errors created by distractions and errors in the execution of intentions. These include lapses of attention, mind-wandering, action failures, etc. Examples of cognitive failures include daydreaming during an exam, forgetting the name of the person you just met a short time before and forgetting where you placed your keys or your glasses. These are mistakes that most people would agree they had experienced. How often these mistakes occur however is dependent on the person. When I kept track of my own personal memory lapses, I found that I often make mistakes on a daily basis . 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